The foramen is the opening between the spinal vertebra where the spinal nerve exits the spine and travels to the body. Any structure that encroaches on this opening can compress the nerve producing inflammation and pain along the distribution of that nerve.
Causes of Encroachment and Nerve Inflammation
Bulging or herniated discs
Disc Degeneration
Arthritic degenerative changes that narrow the intervertebral foramen
Spinal Canal Stenosis
Disc inflammation that release irritating enzymes
Indications and Symptoms Treated with Epidural Steroid Injections
Burning pain in back or neck that radiates into the arm or leg
Numbness and tingling into the arm or leg
Back or neck pain with muscle spasm
Months of conservative care with minimal relief or residual symptoms